超凡遠距英語口筆譯 文法教學，易混淆用法

🎈如何靈活、正確運用介係詞

介係詞(前置詞)

由關係位置介係詞的基本含意而衍生出用於其他場合的廣義介係詞。

自由正確運用介係詞的關鍵：

1. 熟悉句子結構，請參閱基礎句子結構的文法教學，或中級文法一次通。

2. 了解本文所列的狹義含意，再體會廣義含意，然後與自己的表達靈活結合。

I. 最常見表達關係位置的介係詞：

II. 非表達關係位置的介係詞：

  1. besides此外
  2. beyond超越
  3. about大約；即將
  4. after在…之後
  5. as以…的身份；作為
  6. before在…之前
  7. during在…期間，例如during the vacation度假期間
  8. except除了…之外
  9. for為了；因為…
  10. of屬於…的一部分
  11. off離開，遠離
  12. with一起；有…
  13. like像…
  14. next下一個
  15. per平均每一…
  16. since自從
  17. than比…更…
  18. unlike不同於
  19. until直到…
  20. within不超過…期間
  21. without沒有一起
  22. despite儘管

III. 較少使用的介係詞或你可能不知道的介係詞

  1. aboard登上…(交通工具)
  2. beneath/ below在…下方
  3. underneath/ below在…下方
  4. amid/ in the middle of在…中間
  5. versus與…相比；以…為對手經由
  6. via經由(通常用於旅行中的行程)
  7. but/except除…外
  8. regarding/ about關於
  9. concerning/ about關於
  10. following緊接著…
  11. considering就…而言
  12. minus減(去)
  13. plus加，加上
  14. opposite與…相對；在…對面
  15. save: 意義同except; other than
    Everyone needs to know save Mary.除了Mary每個人都該知道。

注意事項

  1. 有些介係詞有其他的身分，這將使其用法與本文呈現方式不同，例如like及cross都是動詞，但也是介係詞，只要熟悉句子的結構，自然能從句子中該字所在的位置做判斷，造句時注意結構。注意下列兩句話的變化：
    Tom ran across the street. (Tom跑步越過街道。)
    Tom crossed the street. (Tom越過街道。)
  2. 有些介係詞跟動詞結合運用，例如give up、cross over…但是卻沒有名詞接在後方，例如I gave up! 這樣的介係詞是介於介係詞與副詞之間的運用，在文法結構中比較像是副詞的用法，但我們也可以說I gave up my plan.也就是純粹介係詞的用法。
  3. 少數介係詞是從動詞變成分詞候變化而來，例如：
    There will be a dance party following the dinner.
    此處的following意義等同於soon after，在字典中也被定義為介係詞，但也可以用不同的方式解讀：
    There will be a dance party (following the dinner).
    可以看成下方句子中的形容詞子句簡化成形容詞片語。
    There will be a dance party (that follows the dinner).
  4. as是最令人困擾的，
    as可以是意義如because的連接副詞：
    It’s not as good as it used to be.
    as也可以是意義如while一樣的連接副詞：
    As I was coming to school I saw Tom.
    as也可以是意義為in the same way「如同…一樣」的連接副詞：
    He entered Harvard just as his father had done years before.
    as也可以是意義為although的連接副詞：
    Angry as he was, he tried to keep calm.
    as當然也是介係詞：
    I see my old brother as a good friend.
    Tom works as a chef at the restaurant.

🎈本文或任何字典均難以涵蓋一個介係詞所有可能的含意，學習者必須從狹義含意延伸到廣義含意，體會可能涵蓋的意義範圍，如此才能靈活運用。決定介係詞的含意，必須從前後句子的語境理解做起。

超凡遠距英語口筆譯 未分類

Cattle, Cow, Bull, 還是Ox?

(友善提醒：表達能力是用已經會的單字連續說寫的能力。理解能力是聽讀時能排除生字干擾的能力。過度針對文法或單詞並無法真正提升聽說讀寫能力。)

首先，看看我們在文章中常常看到的措辭：

  1. cattle farming通常是養牛業，養殖任何種類的牛都可以。
  2. dairy farming, dairy cow farming酪農業，也就是養殖乳牛，但不可能規定不能養肉牛。
  3. cattle farmer酪農或養牛業者
  4. beef farmer養殖肉牛農民
  5. dairy farmer養殖乳牛農民

現在就來弄清楚Cattle, Cow, Bull, Ox的差別：

  1. Cattle: 就是cow +bull + ox的總稱，所有農場上看到的牛都是。我們不是牛隻專家，所以都用cattle就好了。Cattle跟people一樣是集合名詞，不加s，例句:
    Mr. Lee has 100 cattle on his farm.
  2. Cow: 乳牛，所以是母牛。Cowboy牛仔這個字的來源是有典故的，跟甚麼牛無關，有興趣可以去Wikipedia查一下。例句:
    We watched a cow being milked at the farm.
  3. Bull: 公牛，養殖以傳宗接代的種牛。例句:
    Mr. Lee keeps some bulls and 50 dairy cows on his farm.
  4. Ox: 閹割過的公牛，養殖以專心勞動。
    An ox is a bull that has been castrated. It is often used to pull vehicles.
超凡遠距英語口筆譯 背景知識，英文單字，文法教學，易混淆用法

I don’t have the Internet.我沒有網路?

I don’t have the Internet.雖然文法沒錯，但跟表達者所想的內容可能不同。

I don’t have the Internet.意思是「我沒有擁有整個網路。」這當然是事實，網路(WWW)或互聯網並不屬於任何人，但這並不是「我沒有網路可以上網」的意思。

若要表達「我沒有網路可以上網」，有下列幾種表達：

  1. I don’t have access to the Internet.
  2. I cannot access the Internet.
  3. I cannot connect to  the Internet.
  4. I have no connection to the Internet.
  5. We don’t have Internet connection here.
  6. There is no Internet access here.

現在越來越多人接受網路 the internet 這個字用小寫開頭 (除非是在句首)，大家閱讀的時候可以多留意。。

超凡遠距英語口筆譯 關於超凡，全文輸出訓練

創辦人的話

迎向全球化的未來，我們相信：語言，是台灣人才走向世界的關鍵橋樑。

我是 超凡遠距創辦人 Paul Lee。

我曾想像——
如果，我們的大學生在校期間就具備與世界接軌的語言能力，台灣的工程師、護理師、行銷專才就能自信地在德國、挪威，或世界任何角落展現實力，推廣我們的專業與文化。
如果，台灣的孩子不必出國，也能自在地用英語與來自各地的學子交流，英語就能成為他們手中真正的競爭工具，而不再只是升學考試的壓力來源。

三十年前，我從事建築業時，看見台灣許多優秀的專業人才，因為缺乏實用英語訓練，被貼上「英語能力不佳」的標籤。這不是他們的錯，而是我們長期忽略了「應用導向」的語言教育環境。

我自己來自屏東鄉下的一個養豬養雞的家庭。國一才學會 ABC，但我父親常對我說：「好好學英文，那是未來。」
他的這句話，成為我一生的方向指引。我靠著閱讀與練習將所讀翻譯成另一語言的「土方法」，慢慢奠定了語言能力，也發展出今日「全文本輸入輸出訓練」的雛型。

十年前，我開始全力推動這套針對EFL國家(英語為外國語言)設計的訓練法，專注訓練英語說寫輸出能力。這不只是背單字、學文法，而是透過真實語境的「聽－說－讀－寫」全流程訓練，幫助學員真正能流暢表達。

在這個過程中，我也成為 Toastmasters 的一員。這個國際演講組織讓我更加明白：語言，不只是溝通，更是自信的展現。我也把這份體悟融入課程設計中，幫助每一位學員「不只是會說英語，而是能清楚說出自己想法」。

至今，我們已協助數百位學員，在短短幾個月內大幅提升英語說寫能力。無論你是工程師、設計師、行銷人員，這套系統都能幫助你突破語言障礙，加速接軌國際。

這，就是我們創立超凡遠距的初衷與使命。
我們會持續優化、持續前進，只為幫助更多台灣人才，說出自己的英語，走向更大的世界！

請聯絡我們讓我們進一步為您提供更詳細資訊。

超凡遠距英語口筆譯 全文輸出訓練

你是擁有整片大海的小水滴！

Better Life, Better English!
中級全文輸入輸出訓練
Vocabulary

You Are Not A Drop In The Ocean.

Key Word

  1. routine例行工作
  2. perspective觀點
  3. vast浩瀚
  4. trivial微不足道
  5. individual個體

This sentence made me stop from my busy routine.  I never thought about life from this perspective.  People do think of themselves as a tiny drop in the vast human ocean.  After all, there are so many people around us and more successful than us. Now what does it mean to be the entire ocean in one drop?

How can we carry the entire world within us?

Think of our life, the trips we make, the tears we cry, the laughter we share, the people we meet, the love we give and take. Don’t they mean anything?

We ARE a drop in the ocean. However, when we think of ourselves as nothing better than a drop in the ocean, we are telling ourselves that our actions or words are trivial.

When we think the other way around, as the entire ocean in a drop, we feel our value as an individual, no matter whether we are successful or not at the moment.

超凡遠距英語口筆譯 理想及執行，背景知識，全文輸出訓練

英雄精神不滅！

Every Story Comes to An End,
But Its Spirit Doesn’t.

Key Word

  1. compelling令人信服的
  2. struggle掙扎
  3. isolation孤立
  4. outcast受排斥的人

To make a story compelling, there needs to be a character, who goes through a great struggle and changes due to life experiences. On the life journey, the character starts off in a bad position often in isolation. Then they learn and grow. They end up internally changed.

Such is the case of Jon Snow in Game of Thrones, a character who throughout the course of seven seasons has faced a number of challenges that have tested his leadership and abilities. The series of Game of Thrones has come to an end.

No matter how the story ends, we audience have experienced a lonely outcast becoming the possible savior of the world. And after the HBO series end, the journey of a hero will still last in the audience’s mind in different ways.

超凡遠距英語口筆譯 關於超凡，全文輸出訓練

不出國成為英語高手：摘要訓練

🎈Better Life, Better English!
如果我們及我們的孩子都這樣學習英文，那我們的大學畢業生就已經做好跟世界接軌的準備，最重要的是學習英文不再只是為了英文，而是學習生活中的一切！

影片中的主講人在屏東鄉下長大，從來不曾出國留學或在英語系國家常住，靠自創運用英語的環境也能將英文提升到非常高的程度。

超凡遠距英語口筆譯 英文單字，文法教學，易混淆用法

7. Occur/ Happen/ Take Place 是否可以互換？

1. Occur跟happen表達「發生」時，通常可以互換。
The sunset occurred at 6 p.m. = The sunset happened at 6 p.m.

2. happen也有「碰巧或偶然…」的意思，不能跟occur互換。
I happen to know him. 我碰巧認識他。
It happens that schoolchildren think it is Monday morning after a Sunday nap.
小學生星期天睡完午覺就以為是星期一早上了，這種事偶而會發生。

3. occur to可以表達「想到某件事或有了某個想法」，通常不能跟happen互換，但也有出現過it happened to me that… 這樣的表達。
It occurred to me that I was on the wrong side of the road.
我突然想起我走錯邊了。
What occurred to you? 你有甚麼想法？
⭐What happened to you? 你發生甚麼事？(兩句話意思不同。)
It happened to me that I walked on the wrong side of the road when I was abroad.
當我出國時，走路走錯邊的事發生過。

4. Take place是在某個時間地點「舉辦」某事，通常是指預先計畫好的事件，這可從take place (佔據一個地方)這兩個字的含意感受出來，既然是計畫好的事就極少用於像是地震這樣的不預期事件，但仍然有人會說The earthquake took place。
The wedding took place on Sunday afternoon. 婚禮在星期天下午舉辦。

學到了還要用到才算學會，超凡遠距全文輸入輸出訓練讓你學到用到。

超凡遠距英語口筆譯 背景知識，全文輸出訓練

女性撐起半邊天

Key words
war-torn受戰爭蹂躪的
demonstrate展示；示威
domestic violence家庭暴力
rampant猖獗的

❤️“Women hold up half the sky.”

The sentence is being passed down not because Mao Tse-Tung said it, but because it is what is happening today. From war-torn south America, where women demonstrate for peace to protect their children, to poor rural India, where girls spend all day walking miles collecting water for family, instead of going to school. Men and women each take responsibility in different ways for their own part in order to hold up the sky together. Men and women are surely different. Just because men and women are different, they are able to compensate for the disadvantages of each other to form a perfect whole. They both should value this truth.

Today, even if domestic violence is still rampant in some places in the world, ❤️men know very well that they can never hold up the sky without women.

中英對照

Women hold up half the sky!
女性撐起半邊天

The sentence is being passed down not because Mao Tse-Tung said it, but because it is what is happening today.
這個句子不斷流傳，並不是因為說這句話的人是毛澤東，而是因為這是今天的真實樣貌。

From war-torn south America, where women demonstrate for peace to protect their children, to poor rural India, where girls spend all day walking miles collecting water for family, instead of going to school.
從受到戰爭揉躪的南美洲，女性為了保護孩子而示威爭取和平，到印度的偏遠貧窮地區，那兒的女孩花一整天的時間走好幾英哩取水供家裡使用，而沒能上學。

Men and women each take responsibility in different ways for their own part in order to hold up the sky together.
男性及女性各自以不同的方式負起責任盡本分來一起撐起那一片天。

Men and women are surely different.
男性跟女性的確是不同的。

Just because men and women are different, they are able to compensate for the disadvantages of each other to form a perfect whole.
正是因為男女不同，他們能夠互補彼此不足來形成美好的整體。

They both should value this truth. Today even if domestic violence is still rampant in some places in the world, men know very well that they can never hold up the sky without women.
男性女性都應該重視這個事實。今天即使家庭暴力在世界上有些地方仍然猖獗，男性心裡非常明白，沒有女性，他們絕對沒有辦法獨立撐起那一片天。

超凡遠距英語口筆譯 全文輸出訓練，文法教學

39 副詞子句與四種連接詞

連接詞在句子中非常重要，負責將兩個想法做邏輯連接。在句子中的運用有四種不同的方式：注意位置及標點符號。

  • 副詞子句：用以連接兩個子句。
    Because he studies very hard, he is able to pass every exam.
  • 介係詞片語：記得後面只能夠用名詞。
    Because of studying hard, he is able to pass every exam.
  • 純連接詞：在句子中間當橋樑。
    He studies very hard, so he is able to pass every exam.
  • 轉折詞：在一個單獨的句子中。
    He studies very hard. Therefore, he is able to pass every exam.

常見的錯誤

  • Because I was busy, so I didn’t go shopping.
  • Because of I was busy, I didn’t go shopping.
  • I was busy, therefore, I didn’t go shopping.
  • Because I was busy. I didn’t go shopping.

下列句子均表達同樣意義，注意其不同用法及標點符號。

  1. 副詞子句
    Because he studies very hard, he is able to pass every exam.
    = He is able to pass every exam because he studies very hard.
    = Since he studies very hard, he is able to pass every exam.
    = He is able to pass every exam since he studies very hard.
  2. 介系詞片語
    Because of studying hard, he is able to pass every exam.
    = He is able to pass every exam because of studying hard.
    = Due to studying hard, he is able to pass every exam.
    = Owing to studying hard, he is able to pass every exam.
  3. 移轉詞
    He studies very hard. Therefore, he is able to pass every exam.
    = He studies very hard. He, therefore, is able to pass every exam.
    = He studies very hard. He is able to pass every exam, therefore.
    = He studies very hard; therefore, he is able to pass every exam.
  4. 純連接詞
    He studies very hard, so he is able to pass every exam.
    = He is able to pass every exam, for he studies very hard.

  17 連接詞圖表 2例句：以下列兩個想法運用不同連接詞表達。
(1) study hard或not study hard
(2) pass the exam或fail the exam.

  1. Because I did not study, I failed the exam.
  2. Although I studied, I failed the exam.
  3. I did not study. Therefore, I failed the exam.
  4. I did not study. However, I passed the exam.
  5. I studied. Nevertheless, I failed the exam.
  6. Even though I did not study, I passed the exam.
  7. I did not study, so I failed the exam.
  8. Since I did not study, I failed the exam.
  9. If I study for the test, I will pass the test.
  10. If I studied for the test, I would pass the test.
  11. If I had studied for the test, I would have passed the test.
  12. Unless I study for the test, I will not pass the exam.
  13. I must study; otherwise, I will not pass the exam.
  14. Even if I study, I won’t pass the exam.
  15. I did not study; consequently I failed the exam.
  16. I did not study; nonetheless I passed the exam.
  17. I will probably fail the test whether I study or not.
  18. I failed the exam, for I didn’t study.
  19. I have to study so that I will pass the exam.
  20. Only if I study, I will pass the exam.
  21. I studied hard, yet I (still) failed the exam.
  22. You’d better study, or (else) you will fail the exam

唯一雲端虛擬教室，將想法全文輸入輸出訓練🎯，雲端專人訂正提供改善建議。
影片線上教學平台：Youtube教學頻道
提升國際競爭力 加入超凡遠距 。

無論您是(1)注重口說寫作的國高中生; (2)提升競爭力的英文老師; (3)努力成為各科雙語老師; 或(4)提升專業英語說寫能力的碩博生或社會人士。請洽客製化訓練課程詢問專線。