分類: 全文輸出訓練

Common Binomial Expressions in English

搭配字組的順序通常是固定的，不建議隨意變動。
想要練習將單字片語應用於說寫中？請進一步了解超凡遠距全文輸入輸出訓練。

1. all or nothing竭盡全力；用極端方式­- either completely or not at all
   She either loves you or hates you. It’s all or nothing with her.
   她要不是愛你，就是恨你，就這麼極端。
2. back and forth來來回回– moving in one direction and in the opposite 
   She swayed gently back and forth to the music.
   她隨著音樂的節奏輕輕地來回搖擺著。
3. beck and call聽命於– always willing and able to do whatever someone asks
   Go and get it yourself! I’m not at your beck and call.
   自己去拿！我才不聽你使喚呢。
4. bells and whistles華麗的點綴­- special features that are added to a product
   Manufacturers still build luxury cars with all the bells and whistles.
   製造商們依然在生產各種花俏華麗功能的豪華汽車。
5. bits and pieces七零八碎；零碎的工作– small things or jobs of different types
   The Airport Railway is being constructed in bits and pieces phase by phase. 
   機場鐵路是一段一段分期興建，全無系統可言。
6. bricks and mortar傳統實體運作
   Click businesses are usually more flexible than brick-and-mortar operations.
   網路事業經常比實體運作靈活。
7. bread and butter謀生的職業– a job for the money you need to live
   Gardening is my bread and butter right now.
   眼下園兿工作是我的謀生之道。
8. by and large大體上，一般而言- overall; with an overview
   I don’t like everything about my job, but by and large it’s very enjoyable.
   雖然有些小的地方讓我不太滿意，但總的來講我還是很喜歡這份工作的。
9. cut and dried已成定局的– already decided and unlikely to be changed
   We need a cut-and-dried decision by the end of the week.
   到這週末我們要把這事徹底定下來。
10. cut and thrust唇槍舌劍– interesting and exciting arguments
    She enjoys the cut and thrust of party politics.
    她喜歡黨派政治中的唇槍舌劍。
11. do’s and don’ts規則– rules about actions and activities
    The teacher spent ten minutes explaining all the dos and don’ts in the classroom..
    老師花了十分鐘解釋課堂紀律。
12. (from) far and wide從四面八方– from a large number of places
    People came from far and wide to see the house.
    人們從各地前來參觀這所房子。
13. fight tooth and nail竭盡全力– work very hard to get something
    We fought tooth and nail to get the route of the new road changed.
    我們奮力抗爭，爭取改變新修道路的路線。
14. give or take互相讓步遷就– willingness to accept suggestions
    In every friendship there has to be some give and take.
    任何一份友誼都需要雙方互相忍讓。
15. hustle and bustle喧囂、忙亂、使人心煩
    I don’t like the hustle and bustle of office’s life.
    我不喜歡辦公室裡忙碌的人生。
16. in step協調，一致/ out of step步伐錯亂
    TV companies need to keep in step with public opinion.
    電視公司需要順應民意。
    I’m not good at dancing. I always get completely out of step.
    我不擅長跳舞，總是踩不到點上。
17. last but not least最後但同樣重要的– importantly after everyone else
    I would like to thank all my colleagues and, last but not least, my husband.
    我要感謝所有同事，最後同樣要感謝我的丈夫。
18. life-and-death生死攸關的– involving the possibility that someone will die
    We were now in a life-and-death situation.
    我們現在處於生死攸關的情形下。
19. little by little漸漸地
    Little by little the flood water receded.
    洪水漸漸退了。
20. live and learn（對所知感驚訝）真想不到– finding that something that is surprising
    I had no idea they were related. Oh well, you live and learn.
    我一點都沒想到他們之間還有聯繫。唉，真是想不到啊。
21. loud and clear清晰易懂的– very clear and easy to understand
    I can hear you loud and clear.
    我能非常清楚地聽到你講話。
22. make or break不成則敗的– great success or complete failure.
    The council’s decision will make or break the local theater.
    政務委員會將要決定當地劇院的命運。
23. more or less或多或少- mostly I hope my explanation will prove more or less helpful to you.
    但願我的解釋會對你多少有點幫助。
24. movers and shakers有權勢的人– people with a lot of power and influence
    Movers and shakers are assembling in Brussels for the summit.
    行動派人士聚於布魯塞爾，即將展開一場峰會。
25. name and shame公開指責– to publicly say that a person has done something wrong
    The report names and shames companies that are not doing enough to fight industrial pollution.
    這報導公開抨擊那些未盡力制止工業污染的公司。
26. neat and tidy乾淨俐落
    This is a neat and tidy method to take on the responsibility. 
    這是一個能承擔這個任務的乾淨俐落的方法。
27. nuts and bolts 基本要素、具體細節- the practical facts about a particular thing
    Let’s get down to the nuts and bolts of how we are to achieve our goals.
    我們要達成既定目標，就得從這些具體細節著手。
28. odds and ends零碎東西，零星雜物- various things of different types
    Big things were moved to the house, but there are a few odds and ends left.
    我把大部分大傢什都搬到新房去了，但還有些零碎的東西要收拾。
29. on and off間歇地– sometimes
    I’ve had toothache on and off for a couple of months.
    我牙疼斷斷續續了幾個月。
30. out and about活躍的；正常行動的– doing the things you usually do
    She’s making a good recovery and she should be out and about in a few days.
    醫生說她復原得很好，幾天後應該就可以正常行動了。
31. out-and-out徹頭徹尾的，十足的 – in every way
    The whole project was an out-and-out disaster.
    整個企劃案徹底搞砸了。
32. out and away (與最高級連用)無可比擬的– by a great amount
    She is out and away the best student I have ever taught.
    她無疑是我教過的學生當中最出色的。
33. part and parcel是…必要部分– to be a feature that cannot be avoided
    Being recognized in the street is part and parcel of being a celebrity.
    走在街上被人認出是身為名人在所難免的。
34. peace and quite寧靜- tranquility and freedom from disturbance.
    He might have ended his days in quiet and peace.
    他本來可以在寧靜與和平中結束他的一生。
35. pros and cons好處與壞處- the advantages and disadvantages
    We’re just weighing up the pros and cons of moving to a bigger house.
    我們正在權衡搬進大房子裡住的利弊。
36. rock and roll非常流行– very popular and fashionable
    Could hip-pop be the new rock and roll?
    嘻哈會火爆流行嗎？
37. safe and sound安然無恙- not in danger or likely to be harmed
    In some cities you don’t feel safe and sound going out alone at night.
    在某些城市，夜晚獨自外出會覺得不安全。
38. short and sweet短且令人高興的- surprisingly short in a way that is pleasing
    This morning’s meeting was short and sweet.
    今天早上的會很短很棒。
39. sick and tired of煩厭- to have experienced too much of someone or something
    I’m sick and tired of you asking me for money.
    我對你跟我要錢這事感到很煩厭.
40. dim and distant遙遠模糊的– from the past and not clearly remembered
    The times of huge profits are now a dim and distant memory.
    巨額利潤的時代已經是遙遠模糊的過去了。
41. skin and bones暴瘦- extremely thin
    Your brother is just skin and bones – has he been sick?
    你的弟弟非常瘦，他生病了嗎？
42. slice and dice切割成小塊
    To save money for the company, our boss sliced and diced our marketing budget
    公司為了節約開支,老板大幅度地減少了用于市場行銷的預算資金
43. song and dance 長篇謊言；胡言亂語– long story that is not true
    She gave me some song and dance about how busy she is.
    她對我嘮叨了半天說她有多忙
44. sooner or later遲早
    Sooner or later she’s going to realize what a mistake she’s made.
    她遲早會意識到她犯了一個多麽嚴重的錯誤。
45. spick and span嶄新的；極整潔的- very clean and tidy
    His task was to keep the place spick and span.
    他的工作是保持那地方乾淨清潔。
46. take it or leave it接不接受由你– accept or refuse the offer completely
    It’s my final offer. You can take it or leave it.
    那是我最後的報價，接不接受由你。
47. touch and go形勢不確定的– an uncertain situation
    The doctor says that it’s touch-and-go whether Mary will be okay.
    醫生說瑪麗能否挺過去還很難說。
48. tossing and turning輾轉難眠- to move about and turn over in bed
    What is the key to sleep well without tossing and turning?
    晚上不會睡不著的關鍵是什麼？
49. tooth and nail竭盡全力– to try very hard
    We fought tooth and nail to get the route of the new road changed.
    我們奮力抗爭，爭取改變新修道路的路線。
50. ups and downs盛衰；沉浮– good and bad things
    Like most married couples we’ve had our ups and downs, but life’s like that.和大多數已婚夫婦一樣，我們也經歷過沉浮波折，但生活就是如此。
51. wear and tear (一時期內的)磨損，損耗- the damage during a period
    Seat covers on buses take a lot of wear and tear.
    火車上的座套磨損比較嚴重。
52. wheeling and dealing玩弄手腕– using clever methods to get advantages
    Mr. Smith made a fortune by wheeling and dealing on the stock market.
    Mr. Smith在股票市場上投機取巧，發了大財。
53. willy-nilly無可奈何地– something happening against your will
    Both sides were drawn, willy-nilly, into the conflict.
    雙方都不由自主地被捲進了衝突中。
54. hands down輕鬆取勝– to win very easily
    The last time we played tennis, he beat me hands down.
    我們上一次打網球時他輕鬆將我擊敗。
55. wine and dine設酒宴款待– to entertain by giving food and drinks
    The survey concludes that most women like to be wined and dined on the first few dates.
    調查的結論是，大多數女性在最初幾次約會時喜歡去餐館用餐小酌。

別說我錯了！可能是你沒思考文化差異。

這在網路上可以找到許多資訊。但是這些資訊不一致也不完全正確。我們要知道有些英語母語人士在他們的國家從來不使用冷氣機，而是使用暖氣機，所以他們將Air Conditioner (AC)直接定義為暖氣機。但是在台灣大家將Air Conditioner (空調)直接定義為冷氣機。所以當這些母語人士在他們的國家說turn up the AC (air-conditioner)，無論turn up是指(1)機器發力強一些，還是(2)溫度往上調，都是需要「暖和一點」的意思。可是在台灣turn up若是指(1)機器發力強一些，就是指冷氣強一些，但若是指(2)溫度往上調就是指冷氣弱一些，如此一來就造成不同國家的人的困惑了，因為不知道講者指的是(1)機器發力，還是(2)溫度。這沒有對與錯的問題，而是文化差異造成的混淆。

要避免這種現象，最好永遠都說
It’s too cold here. Please turn the air-conditioner up? (溫度上調)，或
It’s too cold here. Please turn the air-conditioner down? (強度轉弱)。

或者直接說
I want the room to be cooler或者I want the room to be warmer。

在語境之下比較不會有誤解。

參考單字

1. against all odds (ph.) 克服困難
2. formidable (adj.) 難對付的
3. looming (adj.) 不明的
4. impose (v) 強制實行
5. contend (v) 應對困境或不愉快的事
6. misinformation (n) 錯誤的資訊
7. rampant (adj.) 猖獗的
8. crematorium (n) 火葬場
9. disinformation (n) 假資訊，假情報
10. corralled (adj.) 集中控制(人或動物等)

Against all odds, Taiwan Keeps Coronavirus under control

The challenges that COVID-19 poses for governments around the world are formidable. Taiwan’s response to the novel coronavirus has been remarkably effective so far. Taiwan has reported a relatively low number of cases of the virus despite the close links between Taiwan and China. Millions of people travel back and forth between Taiwan and China each year, which means more than 5,700 flights per month on average.

Now Taiwan is holding lessons for the rest of the world to follow. According to the Journal of the American Medical Association, Taiwan’s authorities have taken 124 actions since last December when the looming threat was emerging and the rest of the world was looking the other way. Taiwan quickly activated a response command center, sent a fact-finding team to China, imposed swift travel bans and quarantines, and even restricted the export of face masks.

Taiwan has also had to contend with political pressure and possible misinformation from China. On the global stage, the Chinese government has tried to squeeze Taiwan. Taiwan only has a handful of diplomatic allies, and it’s not a member of the United Nations or the World Health Organization. It means that certain types of information that WHO members get as a matter of course are not available to Taiwan — even though Taiwan does have a lot to contribute to the whole world when it comes to combatting this disease.

As the virus went rampant in China in late January, a stream of rumors about Taiwan’s response to the outbreak began to appear on social media sites. One claimed that the outbreak was out of control in Taiwan and that trucks were hauling dead bodies to crematoriums. Some of the posts used simplified Chinese characters or terminology that’s common in China but not in Taiwan.

The net effect of Taiwan’s non-membership in the WHO and the spread of virus-related disinformation targeting Taiwan is hard to measure. However, the risk of a widespread deadly virus is undoubtedly rising for Taiwan.

Against all odds, Taiwan has kept a deadly disease corralled.

申請大學或工作時也許需要提供英文自傳，這篇文章主要是介紹申請大學或工作的短篇幅英文自傳撰寫格式以及參考範例，撰寫人應依照申請科系、申請目的、或申請單位要求做適當調整。若要全面增強英語說寫輸出能力，可參考超凡遠距全文輸入輸出訓練。

第一段：凸顯家庭背景及人格特質對於申請科系或職位的關聯性。

這一段通常做個人及家庭的基本描述，簡潔說明個人成長環境、家庭成員、人格特質等等。常常出現的錯誤就是做隨手寫日記般的長篇大論，例如把家庭成員的個人背景也加進來寫。家庭背景不要過度描述，如果家人職業或家庭教育對於所申請系所或專業職位有緊密關聯或特殊影響，則做深入些描述，呈現這個關聯性。

Personal Background: Origin, family, personality

申請大學參考：
My name is (中文姓名). I graduated from (學校名稱). I am the eldest child in a happy middle-class family. My father and mother have been running a trading company for 15 years. As a result, I have heard them talking about their business since I was 3 years old. They are always busy, so as the eldest child in my family, I help my parents take care of my two younger sister and brother. These experiences make me independent and interested in doing business.

說明：由家中排行老大切入性格獨立，加上家人工作而對貿易產生興趣，這對申請某些系所或工作是有說服力的!

申請工作參考：
My name is *** *** ***. My major is *********. I come from a family of 4. My parents run a small business, which leads me to the world of business. Because both my parents have been busy since I was little, I have developed an independent personality. My parents have a great influence on me and on the forming of my personality. Before college, my parents often had to work in shifts to take care of their small grocery store. As a result, I deeply understand a successful business person must have been very devoted to their work. Watching them work hard for years, looking at their small store become a supermarket. I understand how much they sacrifice for me and their business. I learned a lot from them.

第二段：嗜好、興趣

盡可能找出與申請科系相關的嗜好或興趣，例如畫畫或創作歌曲，說明該嗜好對自我將來的影響。可以稍微誇大來提升效果、增加趣味性。若篇幅不多則可以跟第一段合併。

Hobbies, Interests and Talents

申請大學參考：
In my spare time, I like to do anything that helps me know what is really happening in the whole world. Since a lot of related information is often in English first, I watch English videos and English TV programs often. I even try to attend the activities held by some English clubs or institutes, such as Toastmasters International. I once went abroad for a short-term English study. During that time, I made many friends from different countries. I heard them talking about different things in their own countries. That experience makes me realize the importance of English as a global language.

申請工作參考：
I am lucky to be able to learn to play the piano as a kid. I have been playing the piano ever since. From piano, I developed interest in singing songs. From singing, I developed interest in composing music. I have won prizes in piano contest three times. Music plays an important part in my creativity. Without music, I was not able to come up with the ideas as a marketer. Some of my ideas were applied to advertisements during my stay in my previous company.

第三段：求學成就、社團活動或工作成就、專長

求學過程中在校習得與申請相關的專業技能，盡可能提供成就或優異表現的佐證，強調在學習過程中的經歷及感受。如果沒有特別特殊成就佐證，則可談特別難忘的學習經驗或者特別喜愛的科目，強調自己如何認真而能獲得一點一滴的經驗，並強調自己明白這一切都在為將來的人生作好準備。如果有打工或社團活動帶團隊的經驗，也可加以描述，說明這過程的收穫，藉此展現處世態度。

School Life: Study and Extracurricular Activities

申請大學參考：
School life is very valuable to me.  Though I am not a top student in terms of school grades, I am good at many fields and consider myself a devoted and enthusiastic learner.  Among the school subjects, I love science best and read English science report on a daily basis. As a result, I also do pretty well in English learning.  I participated in several English speech and composition contests and won very some prizes. Also, I have been active in school camps, including those held by universities, and different kinds of workshops.  I believe that extracurricular activities provide valuable opportunities for me to accumulate valuable experiences and broaden my horizons.  I learn important intrapersonal and interpersonal skills from these special activities.

I was elected the president of social service club. Because of this position and experiences, I learned a lot about leading skills, organizing group activities and promoting events. Also, I have learned how to cooperate with people of all ages. I believe that I performed in a responsible way at the position. And I valued the opportunities when I am able to help others. I deeply believe that individual success will eventually come after team success.

說明：這裡容易很容易離題，因為常常會把求學過程中大小事全寫上去，但必須適當篩選並適度強調重點或美化結果，評審委員更關心從你的經歷中看出對該科系或職位的興趣、能力、特質與熱情!

申請工作參考：
My college life is colorful and rewarding. Though I am not a top student in terms of my academic performance, I am good at a certain subjects and skilled at a sport. The subject I like best is marketing. And I was able to apply what I learned to my last job as marketing assistant. I was chose the employee of the season two times for my performance. The biggest achievement I have ever had is to get an order for my company that was worth 5 million dollars.

When I was a college student, I enjoyed playing basketball very much. I still do now. I learned communication and negotiation skills from teaming up with others while playing basketball. After I graduated from college, I was in the jogging club. Other club members and I have joined several marathon races. When we had a marathon race, we had to get up early while most other teenagers were still wrapped in their warm bed. The determination to get out of bed is the first thing I learn from marathon. Patience is the second thing I learn from marathon because it takes a long time to complete a marathon race, without patience I may get exhausted half way.

Playing basketball and jogging long-distance have been my favorite recreational activities.

第四段：未來目標

在這一段敘述大學讀書計畫或未來工作展望，說明大學就讀科系如何協助你實現夢想或未來工作成就預期。可以列出個人在短、中、長期的目標及生涯規劃。也可以自我評估優勢及弱勢，及如何利用大學生活或新的工作轉弱勢為優勢，提升未來競爭力。

Future Plans: Expectations and Aspirations

申請大學參考：
Once I become a university student, I will make every effort to make the best use of school resources. Based on my short-term plan, in the first two years in college, besides required courses, I hope to take some other optional courses about international relationship and interpretation. Before graduation, I hope to take some courses about journalism. After graduation, I would like to be a journalist, translator, interpreter, or teacher. In addition, I hope to study further to improve myself on end. I believe that teaching and learning promote and enhance each other, so I would work and study simultaneously to face any bigger challenge in my future career.

說明：建議先上該校系的網址參考其必修及選修課程，才能夠有利說服教授，傳遞一個訊息：你就是最佳人選!

申請工作參考：
I have been interested in reading all kinds of books since I was little. Reading also helps me overcome many difficulties in life because I learn from failure experiences of others in books. Books about successful business people greatly affect the way I think. For example, the story of 郭台銘inspired me, who, like him, was from a middle class family. The story of Warren Buffet told me the importance of public speaking. I hope I can be as successful as a businessman like them and I will start from improving my marketing strategies.

I will certainly keep reading to enlarge my background knowledge and keep running marathon races to maintain healthy to welcome my successful future.

本英文自傳格式主旨在於提供寫作方向參考，篇幅以不超過一張A4為佳，如此比較易讀！如果讀者認為必須全面提升全文寫作能力，例如論文，翻譯，或企劃書撰稿等，亦或必須提升全文口說能力，例如演說，簡報，講解等。

超凡遠距全文輸入輸出訓練課程，可以幫助學習者以很短的時間及很少的支出(參考學習費用)、加上學習者突破的決心，達到成效卓著的訓練成果。

中級2STC4摘要學員作業

中級2STC4摘要英語教練改善建議

中級4CI4學員作業

中級4CI4英語教練改善建議

E4WT6學員作業及教練改善建議

Vocabulary Related to Wuhan Coronavirus

1. Coronavirus冠狀病毒
2. Novel coronavirus新型冠狀病毒
3. Confirmed Case確診病患
4. Epidemic區域流行的(疾病)
5. Pandemic大規模流行的(疾病)
6. Emerging disease新興傳染病
7. Animal–human interface人畜傳染介面
8. Reservoir宿主 (大自然或動物)
9. Zoonotic人畜共同傳染病
10. Transmission傳播
11. Person–to–person Contact人對人傳染
12. Droplet飛沫
13. Incubation Period潛伏期
14. Isolation隔離治療
15. Quarantine檢疫隔離(期)
16. Contact Tracing接觸者追蹤
17. Screening篩檢
18. Reproductive Rate or Reproduction Number傳染率

This world is being flooded with unfamiliar words and phrases in coverage of the newly discovered coronavirus. It’s useful to understand relevant medical terms during a time of health crisis.

Coronavirus: This term refers to a category of viruses that can cause fever, breathing difficulties, pneumonia and diarrhea. Some are potentially fatal. Others can cause a certain percentage of common colds. The name comes from the shape of the virus. Coronaviruses originate in animals and are usually not transmissible to humans. But occasionally a coronavirus mutates and can pass from animals to humans and then from human to human.

Novel coronavirus: A coronavirus strain that has not been previously identified. The Wuhan coronavirus, for example, is novel because it is a new respiratory virus that was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.

Confirmed Case: A potential case is a person who is likely to have been infected with a specific disease while a confirmed case is a person who has been proven through clinical or laboratory procedures to be infected with the specific disease.

Epidemic: A sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease in a particular geographic area, beyond the number health officials expect. An increase that occurs in a relatively small geographic area or among a small group of people may be called an “outbreak." For example, HIV/AIDS, which affects 1.2 million people in the United States, is an “epidemic." By contrast, two cases of sickness from drinking raw milk in the United States is called an “outbreak."

Pandemic: An epidemic spanning many countries and/or several continents. The difference between an outbreak, an epidemic and a pandemic can be murky and depends on the opinions of scientists and health officials.

Emerging disease: A disease that occurs in the population of a certain geographic region for the first time, or a disease that’s been present at low levels in a region but then rapidly reaches new peaks in the number of cases reported.

Animal-human interface: The points of contact between animals and humans — when people cut down forests and set up dwellings where forest animals are still prevalent, for example. Some types of diseases spread from animals to humans at this interface.

Reservoir: An animal, plant or environment in which a disease can persist for long periods of time. For example, some bats serve as a reservoir for rabies and can spread the disease by biting humans.

Zoonotic: Any disease that spreads from animals to people. The animals can range from tiny ticks to lumbering cattle.

Transmission: How a disease is transferred. This happens in different ways. There’s direct transmission — person-to-person contact and droplet spread. And there’s indirect transmission, for example, consuming contaminated food and water, getting bitten by a disease-carrying mosquito or tick or breathing in a microbe carried by dust.

Person-to-person Contact: How a disease might spread from one person to another. This can happen in many ways – by kissing, touching, having sex, exchanging bodily fluids, sneezing or coughing.

Droplet: The spray produced by sneezing, coughing or even talking. Droplets can spread disease when an infected person coughs or sneezes — and the spray lands on a nearby person’s mouth, nose or eyes. It can also spread when a person touches a body part or a surface with infected droplets, then touches their face.

Incubation Period: the process or period of time in which harmful bacteria or viruses increase in size or number in a person’s or animal’s body but do not yet produce the effects of disease.

Isolation: Separating infected and sick individuals from healthy individuals. Hospitals commonly put sick patients in isolation to prevent the spread of disease.

Quarantine: The separation or restriction of movement of individuals who appear to be healthy but may have been exposed to an infectious disease to see if they become sick. 

Contact Tracing: Identifying people who may have come into contact with a person infected with a disease.

Screening: A health check to see whether a person has a disease — often by taking their temperature and then asking questions about symptoms if the temperature is high.

Reproductive Rate: The number of people one victim can infect, known as the reproduction number of a virus or pathogen. SARS, by comparison, was between 2 and 5, and measles, the most contagious disease known to humans, is a whopping 12 to 18.