形容詞片語是幾乎每篇文章都會出現的重要句型。
形容詞片語是形容詞子句簡化之後的表達方式,這也是常讓許多人困惑或誤解的句型結構,也是出現在重要考試中的常客。
I. 形容詞子句簡化成形容詞片語
形容詞子句: The girl who is sitting next to me is Maria.
形容詞片語: The girl sitting next to me is Maria.
說明:
形容詞子句的主詞who與所修飾的詞the girl為同一人時,省略who並將動詞分詞化。若形容詞子句的主詞與所修飾的詞不為同一人時,則不能分詞化。例如:
子句The boy (whom) I saw was Tom.無法簡化,唯有關係代名詞做為主詞使用時才能簡化成片語,做為副詞或受詞時都無法簡化成片語。
II. 幾種簡化的模式
1. 省略主詞及be動詞:
(1) The man who is talking to John is from Korea.
→The man talking to John is from Korea. (留下現在分詞)
(2) The ideas which are presented (呈現) in that book are good.
→The ideas presented in that book are good. (留下過去分詞)
(3) Ann is the woman who is responsible for the mistake.
→Ann is the woman responsible for the mistake. (留下形容詞)
(4) The books that are on that shelf are mine.
→The books on that shelf are mine. (留下介詞片語)
2. 省略主詞,將一般動詞變成現在分詞:
(1) English is a language that consists of 26 letters.
→English is a language consisting of 26 letters.
(2) Anyone who wants to come with us is welcome.
→Anyone wanting to come with us is welcome.
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