副詞子句與主要子句的主詞相同時，副詞子句可簡化為副詞片語。 a. WhileI was sitting in class, I felt asleep. = Whilesittingin class, I fell asleep. b. BeforeI leftfor work, I ate breakfast. = Beforeleavingfor work, I ate breakfast.
將時間副詞子句簡化成副詞片語。 a. Since Maria came to this country, she has made many friends. = Since coming to this country, Maria has made many friends. b. After Peter (had) finishedhis homework, he went to bed. = After finishing his homework, Peter went to bed. = After havingfinished his homework, Peter went to bed.
More about “While" a. While I was walking down the street, I ran into an old friend. = While walking down the street, I ran into an old friend. = Walking down the street, I ran into an old friend.
About “When" a. When I reached the age of 20, I started to understand the meaning of life. = Upon reaching the age of 20, I started to understand the meaning of life. = On reaching the age of 20, I started to understand the meaning of life.
II. 將表達因果的副詞子句簡化成副詞片語
Because Sue didn’tneed money, she didn’t take the part-time job. = Notneeding money. Sue didn’t take the part-time job.
Because I haveseen the movie, I don’t’ want to go again. = Having seen the movie, I don’t’ want to go again.
Because she was unable to afford a car, she bought a bicycle. = (Being) Unable to afford a car, she bout a bicycle. *也可以簡化後只留下形容詞。
III. 連接詞and, then連接的表達也常以分詞構句的方式出現。
She got into the room, sat on the ground, and began to cry. = She got into the room, sitting on the ground, beginning to cry.
Many people eat at roadside stands, then they watch people passing by. = Many people eat at roadside stands, watching people passing by.
Mary entered, and she was followed by Tom. = Mary entered, followed by Tom. *分詞構句可能留下現在分詞或過去分詞。
IV. 當兩個子句有不同的主詞時，所形成的分詞構句應包含主詞，以免誤解。
As the sun had set, we started for home. = The sun having set, we started for home.
Because the dog was running in front of me, I had to stop my car suddenly. = The dog running in front of me, I had to stop my car suddenly.
Ice cream is a favorite all over the world. In Japan, it is made with a hard cookie on the outside like a cone. In Italy and France, ice cream usually containsnuts and fruit. Eskimos like it very much, so they use airplanes to fly it to them. Maybe Americans eat the most ice-cream all over the world.
Every year Americans eat over seven hundred million gallons of ice cream. There are more than two hundred flavors for them to choose from. Two very popular flavors are strawberry and chocolate.
People have been eating ice cream for centuries. Kings and queens in European countries and American presidents loved to eat ice cream. It is a favorite of adults and children!
Kiyo Tanaka skillfully steers her wheelchair between the flower beds as she gardens outdoors. Gardening is one of her favorite year-round activities.
Believe it or not, thirteen-year-old Kiyo also successfully grows plants indoors without soil. She fills plastic containers with a special solution for nourishing plants. She uses a piece of screen to support each plant in a container, which allows the roots to dangle into the solution so that half of the root system is covered1. Every few weeks Kiyo pours out the old solution, flushes the container with clear water, and then pours in fresh solution, which she buys at a gardening center.
With this kind of indoor gardening, Kiyo doesn’t have to worry about outdoor garden pests, poor soil, or bad weather. She keeps the plants on shelves where they can get good sunlight and where she can reach them easily. Her indoor plants are a living evidence to the good care she gives them.
STE視譯中進英：邊讀邊將全文翻譯成英文並錄音。 E4STE1
動物能看見顏色嗎？
Vocabulary List 1. perhaps或許 2. a certain某特定的 3. distinguish區別
An Indian woman is a World Champion Runner At
the Age of 101.
Man Kaur
celebrates after competing in the 100-meter sprint in the 100+ age category at
the World Masters Games in April. Man Kaur is 101, but her routine could tire
most 20-somethings.
Every day
she wakes up at 4 a.m., bathes, washes clothes, makes tea, recites prayers until about 7 a.m. And then she goes to the track
for an hour of sprinting practice.
And she’s not just doing it for fun. A competitive runner, Kaur is a world
record holder in her age group for several categories.
Now you
may be thinking … is she really 101? Kaur doesn’t have proof of her age but
her oldest child does. When her baby’s birth certificate was issued 81 years ago, Kaur was 20, so you do the
math.
The centenarian is a role model for women
and runners everywhere. Just this November, she was declared the brand
ambassador for a nonprofit organization called Pinkathon, which raises
awareness of women’s health issues — and encourages running as a way to improve
physical fitness.
At the
Pinkathon announcement event, Kaur was literally mobbed by gushing women,
many of whom started running in their 30s and 40s. To them, Kaur is such a
star. At her age, she’s so fit, enthusiastic, alive, independent and a genuine
world champion!
She’s Won
… How Many Gold Medals?! Since starting her competitive career, Kaur has run
in meets in Canada, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore and Taiwan. And she’s
nailed 17 gold medals for the 100-meter and 200-meter runs as well as javelin and shotput. To improve her
speed, Kaur tries to go to the track every day. Three days a week, she does
shot put and javelin practice; the rest of the week, she runs on the track. If
the weather is inclement, she goes
to the gym and lift weights.
Asked the secret of her longevity, mobility and fitness, Man Kaur says she doesn’t know, but she suspects it is crucial to be physically active. Her husband died at 102 and was also physically active.
超凡遠距｜全文輸入輸出英語訓練 