作者: 超凡遠距英語口筆譯

創意在今天可是個夯詞，在英文也是一樣，creativity、innovation 和 originality 是我們我們在討論想法或技巧的時候，經常聽到的幾個詞。究竟這三個字有無使用上的差異？其實差異就在字本身。

creativity 源於動詞create，意思是「創新的想法」。creativity是有了新想法。

I am amazed by Lin’s creativity; she comes up with so many design ideas for my apartment. Lin 的創造力令我佩服，她給我的公寓好多設計概念。

innovation源於動詞innovate 革新，意思是「創新的作法」，是引入新做法。

I can’t keep up with the rapid pace of technological innovation. New things come every day. 我跟不上創新科技的快速步伐。每天都有新東西。

所以creativity是imagination，而innovation是invention。

His innovations were already patented. 他的發明已經申請專利。

那麼originality呢？originality跟名詞「origin起源」有關，動詞則是originate，意思是「原創」。originality是別人沒有的想法或作法。

Her design always shows great originality. 她的設計總是展現極高原創性。

結論： creativity (創意)是一個思考的過程，而innovation (創作)是把想法轉化為有形事物的過程。originality (原創) 意味著以前沒有過的，非抄襲而來的想法或作法。

以下是出現在網路上的幾個例句：

A study shows that spending a few days out in nature, disconnected from all devices can boost creativity in many people.
一項研究顯示在野外生活幾天，完全不接觸任何電子裝置，可以提高許多人的創造力。

For many tech companies, being at the cutting edge of innovation is the key to survival.
對於許多高科技公司來說，走在創新的前沿是生存的關鍵。

Hollywood has been criticized for not encouraging originality in the pursuit of blockbusters.
好萊塢被批評為了追求票房而缺乏對原創作品給予支援。

Much time, effort and creativity went into shooting the scenes for this film.
許多時間、精力和創造力都被投入到拍攝這部電影的場景。

What is Electronic Cigarette?

Key Word

1. vaporize (v.) 汽化；蒸發
2. solution (n.) 溶液
3. inhale (v.) 吸入
4. sensation (n.) 整體感覺
5. activate (v.) 啟動
6. extract (v.) 提煉；萃取
7. base (n.) 主要成分(基底)

電子菸是能夠釋放出氣化尼古丁或非尼古丁讓使用者吸入的一種產品。電子菸的目的是提供使用者在沒有煙的情況下，有類似吸菸的強烈感覺。自從2004年上市以來，吸電子菸幾經是美國青少年最普遍的抽菸方式。使用電子煙的時候尼古丁的含量介於0到「極高」。

電子菸包含三個主要部分：(一) 電池：提供加熱器電力；(二) 感應器：吸氣能啟動加熱器；(三) 溶劑：又稱為「電子液體」，通常是菸草中萃取出來的尼古丁混合能產生味道的化學物質。

雖然市場上行銷上宣稱電子煙能夠幫助戒菸，只要將尼古丁含量減至最少，我們必須牢記，電子煙仍是以尼古丁為基礎的產品，只要是尼古丁就不安全。

An e-cigarette, or vaping, is a device that emits vaporized nicotine, or non-nicotine solutions, for the user to inhale. It aims to provide a similar sensation to inhaling tobacco smoke, without the smoke. “Vaping" is now the most popular form of tobacco use among teenagers in the U.S. since it first appeared in 2004. The nicotine content varies from zero to “extra-high”.

The device consists of three parts. (1) The battery powers the heating element. (2) The sensor activates the heater when the user sucks on the device. An LED may show when it is activated. (3) The solution, also known as e-liquid or e-juice, is made by extracting nicotine from tobacco and mixing it with a base for flavoring.

Although e-cigarettes have been marketed as a way to cut down on smoking by reducing the amount to the minimum, we must bear in mind that they are a nicotine-based product and no nicotine use is safe.

超凡遠距發展全文輸入輸出訓練，以有效率有效果的方式學習英文，幫助學習者在學習英語過程中同時獲取大量知識，聽說讀寫並重。知識英語工作坊專注於時事討論，例如關稅、匯率、台灣地理條件等等，進行以口說及寫作為主。其他訓練課程可以參考訓練套餐，學習者依照本身需要進行個人化的聽說讀寫訓練。

訓練選項	訓練內容	訓練費用
方案一	(1) 6次線上工作坊 (2) 6次報告回饋 (3) 期間每週英語主題討論	NT$6,600 (匯款資訊)
方案二	(1) 6次線上工作坊 (2) 期間每週英語主題討論	NT$4,800 (匯款資訊)
方案三	(1) 6次線上工作坊	NT$3,000 (匯款資訊)

謝謝您！祝您學習愉快！

Beyond Norm 07-7102625/ 0931-783970

我們使用語言的時候，開玩笑有分很多種情緒，有時候就是純粹是開玩笑，有時候是在開玩笑時一臉不屑，有時候是開玩笑加上模仿動作，超凡遠距在訂正學員作業時收集以下幾種不同層級學員使用的不同內涵的開玩笑用字。

• To make fun of 取笑；拿…開玩笑 : to make a joke about someone in an unkind way
  The other children were always making fun of him because he was fat.

• To laugh at 取笑；嘲笑 : to show that you think someone or something is stupid
  I can’t go into work looking like this – everyone will laugh at me.

• To tease 戲弄；取笑 : to laugh at someone or say unkind things about them
  I was just teasing. I didn’t mean to upset you.

• To sneer 嗤之以鼻 : a contemptuous facial expression made with the mouth
  You may sneer, but a lot of people like this kind of music.

• To mock 常指為取笑而模仿 : to laugh at someone, often by copying them
  They were mocking him because he kept falling off his bike.

• To ridicule 嘲笑；奚落 : to laugh at someone in an unkind way
  Other students ridiculed her for her idea.

Mask has become a hallmark of protesters in Hong Kong

Key Words

1. hallmark (n.) 特徵；打上印記
2. standoff (n.) 僵局
3. demonstrator (n.) 示範者；示威者
4. defiance (n.) 對抗
5. measure (n.) 措施；方法
6. on a large scale大規模

香港親民主的示威者鼓動人民戴上面具對抗政府禁帶面具的禁令，目前警方以及示威者陷入僵局。網路上的傳單呼籲人民戴上畫著香港特首林鄭月娥及中國總理習近平的面具。

香港特首在10月初引進一條禁止人民戴面具的法律，但是示威者幾乎漠視這條禁令，警方也並沒有大規模執法。在北京，執政的共產黨政權強調中國要針對香港以國家安的名義強力執行這條法律。共產黨重申「一國兩制」的架構。一國兩制的架構下，香港於1997年從英國的手中回歸到中國。

Police and protesters engaged in a standoff in Hong Kong after pro-democracy demonstrators urged people to wear masks in defiance of a government ban on face coverings. Digital fliers circulated online called on people to wear masks depicting Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam and Chinese President Xi Jinping.

Lam introduced a measure to ban masks and face coverings at the start of October, but protesters have largely ignored it and police have not been enforcing it on a large scale. In Beijing, the ruling Communist Party said it planned to strengthen laws regarding Hong Kong in the name of national security. The party reaffirms the “one country, two systems” framework under which Hong Kong was handed over from British to Chinese control in 1997.

Siblings Locked by Father Waiting for End of Time

Key Word

1. sibling(s) (n.) 兄弟姊妹；手足
2. scruffy (a.) 邋遢的，不整潔的
3. bewildered (a.) 迷惑的
4. tip…off (v.) 密告…
5. premises (n.) 房屋連同地基
6. detain (v.) 拘留
7. seclude (v.) 使…不與…接觸

荷蘭警方發現有6個成年兄弟姊妹，在過去好幾年的時間，都被關在一個與外界完全隔絕的農場裡的秘密房間裡「等待世界末日來臨」。囚禁他們的人是他們的父親，這六個兄弟姊妹年紀介於16到25歲，跟58歲的父親住在一起，跟外界完全沒有接觸。

他們之所以被發現是因為其中一個成員，也就是年紀最長的25歲長髮男子，衣衫襤褸，走進一家咖啡廳，一臉困惑，說他已經九年沒有到外面。根據咖啡店老闆的說法，很明顯地那位男子對於他身在哪裡或者正在做甚麼完全沒有概念，該男子說他逃出來了，非常需要幫助。

警方接獲密報後搜索農場，農場的主人不配合，目前被拘留當中。這6個該家庭成員在一個密閉空間被找到後，現正受到照護中。這幾個兄弟姊妹顯然生活在隱密地窖中，靠著隱密的農園中的蔬菜及動物維生。

Dutch police discovered six young adult siblings who had spent years being locked away by their father in a secret room in an isolated farmhouse “waiting for the end of time". The siblings, aged 16 to 25, who lived with their 58-year-old father had no contact with the outside world.

They were found when one of the family members, a 25-year-old man with long hair had come into a café, looking scruffy and bewildered. He said he had not been outside for nine years. “You could see he had no idea where he was or what he was doing," according to the cafe owner. “He said he had run away and that he urgently needed help."

Police officers searched the farm after being tipped off. The owner of the farm did not want to cooperate and he was currently detained. The six family members were being cared for after being found in a “closed-off space". The siblings had apparently lived in a hidden cellar and survived on vegetables and animals tended in a secluded garden.

Proud of Taiwan! 2 sites rank among top green destinations

Key Words

1. site (n.) 景點
2. rank (v.) 列名
3. destination (n.) 目的地
4. sustainable (v.) 永續的
5. circulation (n.) 循環
6. generate (v.) 生產
7. revitalize (v.) 獲得新生

兩個台灣景點列名世界100綠景觀，Green Destination 是一個提倡永續觀光的非營利組織，該組織選擇「日月潭」以及「東北角暨宜蘭海岸國家風景區」為綠景觀。

Green Destination 強調日月潭利用水循環來發電， 此外，經由完成電動車系統、電動船及自行車道，可以預期到生態旅遊在這個地區將會持續成長。

而東北角暨宜蘭海岸國家風景區已經連續4年獲選為綠景觀，這個地區是以山海的景觀聞名，並且展現台灣當地文化，草嶺古隧道即為文化景點之一，該隧道在封閉20年之後於2008年重新開放。

2 sites rank among top green destinations

Two sites in Taiwan were named among the world’s top 100 green destinations by Green Destination, a nonprofit organization that promotes sustainable tourism. They are Nantou County’s Sun Moon Lake and the Northeast and Yilan Coast National Scenic Area.

Green Destination highlighted Sun Moon Lake’s effort that uses the circulation of water to generate electricity. In addition, by completing a cable car system, electric boats and cycling paths, it is expected that green tourism there will continue to progress

The Northeast and Yilan Coast National Scenic Area, which has made the top 100 green destinations list four years in a row, was noted for offering tourists mountain and ocean views, as well as showcasing Taiwanese culture. One of the cultural attractions is the Old Caoling Tunnel, which was revitalized as a cycle track in 2008 after being sealed for 20 years.

The Movie, Joker！

Key Words
1. arch nemesis勢均力敵的對手
2. villain惡棍
3. inopportune 時機不對的
4. identify with 認同
5. excruciating 極端痛苦的
6. disparage貶低

如果你對待一個貧窮、心理狀況不穩定的孤獨者像垃圾一樣，你會得到甚麼？答案就是小丑。小丑是蝙蝠俠勢均力敵的對手，是超級大壞蛋，是個博取同情、令人毛骨悚然的年輕人，他沒有辦法保護他自己免於欺負。

這部電影的背景是一個非常混亂的年代，有錢人跟社會其他人差距極大的年代。小丑有一種奇怪的疾病，他常在不適當的時機爆笑，然後因此被毒打一頓。看電影的我們忍不住認同小丑這個角色。在電影裡，當他的脫口秀表演失敗，我們跟他一樣遭受極大的痛苦，這是人的本能，我們希望他能夠成功，因為我們所有人都經歷過夢想失敗。

小丑不是超級英雄電影。雖然整個故事貶低仇恨及不良善，但卻也不盡然鼓勵愛及善良。

What do you get when you treat a poor, mentally unstable loner like trash? The answer is Batman’s arch nemesis, the Joker, the super villain, a sympathetic and creepy young man, who is not able to protect himself from others who pick on him.

The movie is set at a chaotic time when the gulf between the rich and the rest of society is enormous. The Joker, Arthur, is suffering from some mysterious medical condition which causes him to erupt into manic laughter at the most inopportune moments to be beat up by thugs. As moviegoers, we cannot help but identify with Arthur. We suffer with him in the excruciating scenes when his comedy routines fall. It is a natural instinct to want him to succeed because we all experience the moment in our life.

Joker is not a super hero movie. Although the story disparages hate and unkindness, it doesn’t exactly promote love and kindness.

bottom line由於字面意義，所以常被誤以為是「底線」的意思，但其實是「重要事情」的意思。中文的底線這個字，通常指的是人們忍耐極限，可用limit這個字來表示，例如Don’t test my limits. 別測試我的底線。I’ve reached my limit for making offers. 這是我提議的最底線了。

1. The bottom line盈虧；最重要的事情
   說明: 財務報表底行的結算數字，因為顯示盈虧，所以用以表示最重要事情。
   How will the transaction exchange loss affect our bottom line?
   該筆匯兌損失對我們的盈虧狀況會有甚麽影響？
2. To get a foot in the door具備開始進行某事的權利或優勢
3. To have a slice of the pie分一杯羹
4. To have a finger in every pie甚麼都要涉及
5. To hold the fort要挺住；堅守立場
   說明: fort堡壘
6. Red tape繁文縟節
   說明: 過去正式文件紙本多由紅色膠帶綑綁。
7. To get the ball rolling開始做某事
8. A ballpark figure大概數字
   說明: If you can’t tell me the exact cost, please give me a ballpark number.
   假如你不能告訴我確切的成本，請給我一個大約的數字。
9. In black and white白紙黑字
10. To blow a deal 搞砸了
11. A cash cow搖錢樹
12. Dog eat dog 現實；不講情面
13. To work flat out 累到趴下去
14. To be snowed under 做不完的事情
    I’m absolutely snowed under with work at the moment.
    眼前我正爲手頭的工作忙得不可開交。
15. Without further ado… 不多說… (開始進行某事)

39 deaths were found in a container in Britain

Key Words:

1. container (n.) 貨櫃
2. investigation (n.) 調查
3. suspicion (n.) 懷疑
4. manslaughter (n.) 殺人
5. traffic/ trafficking (v.) 偷渡
6. circumstance (n.) 情形；條件
7. speculate (n.) 預測
8. coroner’s (n.) 驗屍官

10月23號，英格蘭東部的Essex一輛貨櫃車中發現39具屍體。整個事件正朝向謀殺的方向進行調查。包括司機在內已經有4人被逮捕，這四人除了被懷疑殺害這些人，並且密謀將這些人偷渡至英國。警方正在抽絲剝繭，勾勒出這整個驚人事件過程。

火車上的有一些人是來自於越南，然而警方目前尚無法預測所有人的國籍。根據警方的說法，這些受害者身上的身分證明文件非常少，警方只能夠從這些人身上的刺青、胎記、疤痕已確定可能身分。

這些屍體是由救護車人員所發現，然而尚不知道這些人如何獲得密報。所有的屍體正在經由驗屍官查證死亡原因中，警方會試著確定每個人的身分。 ~待續~

The dead bodies of 39 people were found in a lorry container in Essex in eastern England on 23 October. A murder investigation has been launched. Four people, including the driver, have been arrested on suspicion of manslaughter and trafficking people. The police are still working to piece together the circumstances of this horrific event.

Some of those on board may have been from Vietnam. However, the police cannot speculate on the nationality at this time. According to the police, there were very few identification papers found among the victims and they can only look for tattoos, marks or scars that could help the identification process.

The bodies were discovered by ambulance staff. However, it is not yet known who gave them the tip-off. All of the dead will undergo a coroner‘s examination to establish the cause of death. The police will then attempt to identify each individual.

~to be continued~