學習單字
- invasion侵略
- military軍事的
- aggressive好戰的
- amass聚集
- diplomatic外交
- sanction經濟制裁
- overwhelming全面的
- indiscriminate無差別的
- prompt造成
- collapse瓦解
- justify合理化
- solemn神聖
- pledge承諾
The Root Cause of the Ukraine War
俄羅斯與烏克蘭戰爭的根源
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is the biggest military mobilization in Europe since World War II.
俄國對烏克蘭的侵略是第二次世界大戰之後歐洲最大的軍事的動員，
It seems that an aggressive Russian leader amassed troops and invaded its neighbor.
看起來似乎是一個好戰的國家領導人聚集軍隊，然後侵略鄰國。
Then several rounds of diplomatic talks between Russia and Ukraine have failed to stop the war, so some countries led by the US stood together to impose sanctions on Russia over the invasion.
接著就是俄羅斯跟烏克蘭之間進行幾輪失敗的外交談判，美國為主導的西方國家開始站在一起，對俄羅斯的侵略行為實施經濟制裁。
Taiwan is one of those countries.
台灣也加入這個制裁的行列。
However, Russia didn’t stop there.
然而俄羅斯並沒有因此而停止，
It has been increasingly intensifying attacks, flattening cities with overwhelming and indiscriminate firepower.
反而不斷的加強攻擊，對城市進行全面的無差別的砲火襲擊。
The war has claimed thousands of lives.
這場戰爭已經造成了數千人死亡，
It has also prompted more than two million people to flee Ukraine in less than two weeks, spurring refugee crisis.
戰火造成超過2百萬人兩周內逃離烏克蘭，造成難民危機。
While most people focus on the invasion, fatalities, and refugees, few focus on the cause.
相對於大多數人將焦點放在侵略、死傷、及難民，很少人去注意到這場戰爭的起因。
After the Soviet Union collapsed in the early 1990s, NATO expanded eastward, eventually taking in most of the European nations that had once been in the Soviet Union.
在1990年代初期蘇聯瓦解後，北大西洋公約組織往東擴展，最終將歐洲大多數原屬於蘇聯的國家的納入北約。
For example, the Baltic republics of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia joined NATO in 2004.
例如，波羅的海的立陶宛、拉脫維亞、愛沙尼亞共和國都在2004年加入了北約。
As a result, NATO moved hundreds of miles closer to Moscow, directly bordering Russia.
結果就是北大西洋公約組織擴張到距離莫斯科只剩下700英里，已經直接跟俄國交接了。
And in 2008, NATO stated that it planned to enroll Ukraine.
而2008年北約公開宣稱要將烏克蘭納入北約。
Russia claims that the West broke a promise it made in the 1990s not to expand NATO and is using this claim to justify its invading Ukraine.
俄羅斯宣稱西方國家沒有遵守1990年代的承諾：北約不向東擴展，俄羅斯也因此將侵略烏克蘭合理化。
In a speech at the Munich Security Conference in 2007, Putin accused Western powers of violating a solemn pledge by enlarging NATO.
2007年普丁在慕尼黑安全會議的一場演說中說：西方各國違反了不擴張北約的這項神聖承諾。
However, NATO has not stopped expanding since the fall of the Soviet Union, growing from 17 countries in 1990 to 30 today, several of which were once part of the Soviet-led Warsaw pact.
然而蘇聯解體之後，北約從未停止繼續向東擴張，從1990年代的17個成員國，擴張到今天的30個成員國，這些北約成員國中好幾個是屬於過去蘇聯時代的華沙公約成員國，
As a result, Russia claims that it is protecting itself.
因此俄國宣稱目前只是在進行自我保護。
Ukraine is indeed suffering between two superpowers that are pushing against each other.
烏克蘭的確在兩大強權互相較勁的夾縫中遭受極大苦難，
Hopefully, Taiwan doesn’t have to in a similar situation.
希望台灣不需要處於相同的困境。
超凡遠距 