17 感官動詞及使役動詞

感官動詞依語意可接Ving正在發生；V規律發生；PP…被動

see/ look at/ hear/ listen to/ feel/ smell/ observe/ watch/ notice

1. I saw my friend running down the street. (表達當時正在進行的動作。)
2. I saw my friend run down the street.
3. When I wake up in the morning, I hear birds sing in the trees every day.
4. John didn’t see the wallet taken by anyone.
   = John didn’t see anyone taking the wallet.
5. May noticed her computer used by someone.

使役動詞有三個：make/ have/ get to

make, have, get to的主動語態。

1. I made my brother carry my book bag. (我弟沒選擇，我要他幫我背書包。)
2. I had my brother carry my book bag. (我弟幫我背書包，因為我要求他。)
3. I got my brother to carry my book bag. (我成功地說服我弟幫我背書包。)

make, have, get to的被動語態。

1. I had the mechanic repair the car. (主動)
   = I had the car repaired (by the mechanic.) (被動)
2. Lee made her son clean his room. (主動)
   = Lee made his room cleaned (by her son.) (被動)
3. May got her brother to do her homework. (主動)
   = May got her homework done (by her brother.) (被動)

let, help: 後接動詞原形

由於let與上方使役動詞make在中文都被翻譯成「讓…」，所以意義及使用上常造成錯誤。

1. My father lets me drive his car.我爸讓我開他的車。 (這表示我很想開爸爸的車。)
2. My brother helped me (to) wash my car.

說明：let及help嚴格來說不算是使「役」動詞，反而是使「開心」動詞，但用法與使役動詞類似。

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